For the first time, the number of new melanoma skin cancer cases diagnosed in the UK each year has risen above 20,000. Cancer Research UK says nine in ten of those cases are avoidable, caused by too much exposure to UV radiation from the sun and sunbeds.
Experts warn that many people do not apply enough sunscreen, or apply it incorrectly. The NHS recommends that adults use six to eight teaspoons to cover their entire body – far more than most realise. Sunscreen should be applied to all exposed skin, including the face, neck, ears and, if thinning or no hair, the scalp. Ideally, it should be applied 30 minutes before going into the sun.
“UK melanoma cases top 20,000 for first time; Cancer Research UK says 9 in 10 avoidable with correct sunscreen use.”
Even then, no sunscreen provides absolute protection. The NHS advises reapplying every two hours, or sooner after sweating, swimming or towelling dry. Water-resistant or long-lasting claims do not change that rule.
Additional measures are essential: wear trousers or skirts made of fabric that blocks sunlight, a long-sleeved top, a sun hat and sunglasses, and seek shade during the hottest part of the day.
UV radiation levels, measured by the UV Index, vary throughout the day. The highest readings occur over a four-hour period when the sun is at its peak, usually late morning to early afternoon. When the UV Index is three or above, Cancer Research UK advises using sunscreen and covering up.
Children need extra care because their skin is more sensitive to sun damage. The NHS says babies under six months should not be in direct sunlight at all, and sunscreen is not recommended for them. Once they are six months old, the same cautious principles apply.
Sunburn is a clear sign of skin damage, but damage can occur without it. Some UV exposure is beneficial – it enables the body to produce essential vitamin D – but too much leads to premature ageing and skin cancer. With melanoma cases now surpassing 20,000 annually, the message from Cancer Research UK is stark: most of these cancers could be prevented. The key lies in using enough sunscreen, reapplying it regularly, and never relying on it alone.