Hot weather during the summer can affect anyone, but some people run a greater risk of serious harm, according to the BBC.
As temperatures rise across the UK, the body works hard to maintain a stable internal temperature. The main cooling mechanism is sweating, which releases heat as moisture evaporates from the skin. However, in extreme heat, this system can be overwhelmed, leading to dehydration, heat exhaustion, and potentially life-threatening heatstroke.
“BBC explains how hot weather affects the body, who is most at risk, and what to do during a UK heatwave.”
Heat exhaustion is characterised by heavy sweating, rapid pulse, dizziness, nausea, and headache. If left untreated, it can progress to heatstroke – a medical emergency where the body's temperature rises above 40°C, causing confusion, loss of consciousness, and organ failure. The BBC notes that those most at risk include older adults over 75, babies and young children, people with long-term health conditions such as heart disease or diabetes, and individuals taking certain medications.
In the UK, heatwaves are becoming more frequent due to climate change. The Met Office has warned that temperatures could hit 30°C in parts of England this week, with the hottest weather expected in the South East. Unlike countries with consistently hot climates, British buildings are not designed to cope with extreme heat, meaning indoor temperatures can become dangerously high. Public Health England advises that indoor spaces should be kept as cool as possible, especially during the afternoon when the sun is strongest.
Scotland and Northern Ireland are also experiencing unseasonably warm weather, though temperatures are slightly lower than in England. In Wales, health officials have urged people to check on vulnerable neighbours. Across the UK, the NHS is preparing for a potential surge in heat-related admissions. Hospitals are distributing water and advising staff to watch for signs of heat stress among patients.
The BBC quotes the NHS as saying that during a heatwave, it is essential to drink plenty of fluids, avoid alcohol and caffeine, and stay out of the sun between 11am and 3pm. Light, loose clothing and cool showers can also help. For those with underlying conditions, it is important to follow medical advice about adjusting fluid intake or medication.
Looking ahead, the Met Office forecasts that the hot spell will continue into next week, with a possible heatwave declaration if temperatures remain above the threshold for three consecutive days. Local authorities are activating emergency plans, including opening cooling centres and distributing bottled water to homeless people. The UK Health Security Agency has issued a Level 3 Heat Health Alert for parts of England, urging the public to take action.
What This Means For You
* Homeowners and renters: Keep curtains closed during the day to block out heat. Open windows at night to let in cooler air. If you have a fan, use it to circulate air. Avoid using ovens or hobs as they generate heat. * Older people and those with health conditions: Check on relatives and neighbours who may be isolated. Ensure they are drinking enough water and have access to a cool room. If on medication, consult your GP about heat-related side effects. * Parents and carers: Never leave children or pets in a parked car, even with the windows open. Apply high-factor sunscreen and ensure children stay hydrated during play. * Workers: If your job involves physical labour outdoors, take regular breaks in the shade and drink water every 15-20 minutes. Employers should consider adjusting shifts to cooler times of the day. * Drivers: Carry water in your car and be aware that heat can affect concentration. Check tyre pressure as hot roads increase the risk of blowouts.