Google searches for 'seasonal affective disorder' have soared by 285% in the UK over the past 24 hours, as the country swelters in record-breaking June heat. While many associate SAD with dark winter days, a lesser-known form can strike during hot summer months – and experts say it's a growing concern as heatwaves become more frequent.
Seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression that follows a seasonal pattern. The NHS describes it as depression that typically happens in winter and goes away in summer, but notes that some people experience symptoms in summer instead, though this is less common. Roughly 10% of individuals with seasonal mood disorders suffer from summer SAD, according to specialists.
“Explains summer seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and its symptoms, triggered by extreme heat.”
Extreme heatwaves and elevated humidity are acknowledged as major factors contributing to summer SAD. Although the precise cause is unclear, the condition is closely associated with sunlight exposure. During summer, SAD can be triggered by intense heat, social expectations to remain active, disturbed sleep and daily patterns, physiological stress, changes in brain chemistry, and physical restriction. Dr Corné Hurter, Medical Director for Services and Delivery at AXA Health, said: "While summer SAD is less common than its winter counterpart, prolonged periods of hot weather can affect mental wellbeing in a number of ways. Heat can disrupt sleep, increase physical stress on the body and interfere with normal daily routines, all of which may contribute to symptoms associated with summer SAD in some individuals."
For UK readers, this matters because the country is experiencing more extreme heat events. This week alone, temperatures reached 37C on a third consecutive record-breaking June day, causing disruption to transport, hospitals, and workplaces. The combination of physical discomfort and disrupted routines can exacerbate mental health challenges for those susceptible to summer SAD.
Q: What is summer seasonal affective disorder (SAD)? Summer SAD is a form of depression that occurs during the summer months, typically triggered by intense heat, humidity, and long daylight hours. It is less common than winter SAD, affecting about 10% of people with seasonal mood disorders, but can be equally debilitating.
Q: What are the symptoms of summer SAD? Dr Hurter identifies primary symptoms including heightened emotions (feeling more tearful, irritable, anxious, or angry than usual), decreased energy levels, lethargy, difficulty getting out of bed, and negative thoughts. The NHS also lists depression symptoms that come on in summer and go away in winter, though the specific triggers differ.
Q: How is summer SAD treated? The NHS says treatments for SAD include antidepressants, talking therapies, and light therapy. For summer SAD, managing exposure to heat, maintaining a cool environment, and keeping a consistent sleep schedule may help. Anyone concerned should speak to their GP.
As the UK faces more frequent heatwaves, awareness of summer SAD is likely to increase. Dr Hurter advises looking out for the key signs and seeking help if symptoms persist. The NHS recommends consulting a GP if you have questions or concerns about seasonal depression.